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Glycobiology Advance Access published online on April 18, 2007
Glycobiology, doi:10.1093/glycob/cwm043
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Review

Perlecan: A Multifunctional Extracellular Proteoglycan Scaffold

Mary C. Farach-Carson and Daniel D. Carson*

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716

* Corresponding author: email: dcarson{at}udel.edu; telephone: 1-302-831-4296; fax: 1-302-831-2281

Received on February 8, 2007; revised on April 5, 2007; accepted on April 5, 2007

Perlecan is a large multidomain heparan sulfate proteoglycan of the extracellular matrix. Expression of this proteoglycan changes dynamically during embryo implantation and placentation. Perlecan is expressed by various cells of the embryo including trophectoderm and trophoblast as well as the maternal compartment including basal lamina underlying uterine epithelia and endothelia and, most dynamically, in developing decidua. Perlecan supports various biological functions including cell adhesion, growth factor binding and modulation of apoptosis. Moreover, studies in other systems demonstrate that perlecan expression and activity can be controlled at many levels including transcription, alternative splicing and extracellular proteolysis. This review will discuss changes in perlecan expression that occur during embryo implantation and placentation. Furthermore, we propose a model in which perlecan represents an extracellular scaffold protein that supports complex, distinct functions in its full-length form or smaller forms generated by alternative mRNA splicing, extracellular proteolysis or glycosidase action.

Key words: perlecan / heparan sulfate / embryo implantation / placentation


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