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Glycobiology Advance Access published online on October 5, 2005
Glycobiology, doi:10.1093/glycob/cwj046
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Received June 24, 2005
Revised September 26, 2005
Accepted September 28, 2005

Article

Identification of Linkage-Specific Sequence Motifs in Sialyltransferases

Ronak Y. Patel 1 and Petety V. Balaji 1*

1 School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Petety V. Balaji, E-mail: balaji{at}iitb.ac.in


  Abstract

Eukaryotic sialyltransferases (SiaTs) comprise a superfamily of enzymes catalyzing the transfer of sialic acid from a common donor substrate to various acceptor substrates in different linkages. These enzymes have been classified as ST3Gal, ST6Gal, ST6GalNAc and ST8Sia families based on linkage- and acceptor monosaccharide-specificities and sequence similarities. It was recognized early on that SiaTs contain certain well-conserved motifs and these were denoted as L (large)-, S (small)-, and VS (very small)-motifs; recently, a fourth motif, denoted as motif III, was identified recently. These four motifs are common to all the SiaTs, irrespective of the linkage- and acceptor saccharide-specificities. In the present study, the sequences of the various families have been analyzed and sequence motifs that are unique to the various families have been identified. These unique motifs are expected to contribute to the characteristic linkage- and acceptor saccharide-specificities of the family members. One of the linkage specific motifs is contiguous to L-motif. Members of ST3Gal and ST8Sia families share significant sequence similarities; in contrast, the ST6Gal family is distinct from the ST6GalNAc family. The latter consists of two subfamilies, one comprising ST6GalNAc I, ST6GalNAc II and the other comprising ST6GalNAc III, ST6GalNAc IV, ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI. Each of these sub-families has characteristic sequence motifs, not present in the other subfamily.

Keywords: Acceptor specificity/linkage-specificity/profile HMM.
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