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Glycobiology, Vol 9, 383-387, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

The tat protein of HIV-1 induces galectin-3 expression

S Fogel, M Guittaut, A Legrand, M Monsigny and E Hebert
Glycobiology, Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire, UPR no. 4301 du CNRS conventionnee avec l'Universite d'Orleans, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orleans Cedex 2, France.

Animal lectins play important roles in a variety of biological processes via their recognition of glycoconjugates. Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin whose expression is associated with various pathological processes including human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I-infection of human T cell lines and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of T-lymphoblastic Molt-3 cell line. In the case of HIV-infected cells, it has been suggested that the increase in galectin-3 expression could be related to the expression of the viral regulatory gene tat. These results prompt us to perform more extensive analyses of the relationship between galectin-3 and HIV-1 Tat expressions. In this study, we found that Tat protein expression induces an upregulation of galectin-3 in several human cell lines. In co-transfection experiments, the 5'-regulatory sequences of the galectin-3 gene were significantly upregulated by expression vectors encoding the Tat protein. Analysis performed with 5'-regulatory deleted sequences suggested that galectin-3 induction by Tat is dependent on activation of the Sp-1 binding transcription factor.
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