Glycobiology, 2001, Vol. 11, No. 7 605-611
© 2001 Oxford University Press
The observation of multivalent complexes of Shiga-like toxin with globotriaoside and the determination of their stoichiometry by nanoelectrospray Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry
Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
We show by nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoES) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) that it is possible to observe oligosaccharideprotein complexes with dissociation constants in the millimolar range, such as Pk trisaccharide (globotriaoside) complexed with the Shiga-like toxin (SLT) of pathogenic E. coli. It is further demonstrated that nanoES/FT-ICR MS is an exquisite method to study quantitative aspects of the association of mono- and polyvalent oligosaccharide ligands with multimeric proteins, such as the SLTs. At increasing trisaccharide:protein ratios it was shown that the B5 toxin subunit complexes with 5 Pk trisaccharides and only after all 5 copies of site 2 are essentially filled do any of the remaining 10 receptor sites become occupied. From the distribution of bound Pks at the five binding sites, it was possible to establish association constants for each of the five sites and to confirm that binding occurs noncooperatively, the association constants for each site are identical and that compared to site 1, site 2 exhibits a tenfold higher affinity for the globotriaoside synthetic ligand 1. The facile identification of the occupancy of binding sites represents information that is not readily available by other techniques. This sensitive and rapid estimation of association constants for proteinligand complexes, which are free of unpredictable secondary effects that plague enzyme linked assays, is likely to find wide application.
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed
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