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Glycobiology, 2000, Vol. 10, No. 9 857-864
© 2000 Oxford University Press

A novel pentaglycosylceramide in ostrich liver, IV4-ß-Gal-nLc4Cer, with terminal Gal(ß1–4)Gal, a xenoepitope recognized by human natural antibodies

Danièle Bouhours1, Jérôme Liaigre, Jeanne Naulet, Nicolaï V.Bovin2 and Jean-François Bouhours

INSERM U.437, F-44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France, and 2Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow GSP-7, 117871, Russia

Thin layer chromatograms of ostrich liver neutral glycosphingolipids were immunostained with human sera. In addition to the expected staining of the Forssman pentaglycosylceramide by some sera, more polar and less abundant unknown glycolipids could be stained. Among them, the shortest carbohydrate chain glycolipid was purified and structurally characterized by mass spectrometry, proton NMR and methylation analysis. It was a novel pentaglycosylceramide of the neolactoseries terminated with the Gal(ß1–4)Gal determinant which is not expressed in mammalian species. Human antibodies affinity-purified on a synthetic Gal(ß1–4)Gal(ß1–4)Glc-Sepharose column recognized the newly characterized Gal(ß1–4)Gal-terminated pentaglycosylceramide, and, in addition, longer chain glycolipids. Occurrence of antibodies directed at the Gal(ß1–4)Gal epitope was studied by ELISA on 108 human sera. Anti-Gal(ß1–4)Gal antibodies were predominantly IgM, and their distribution was similar to that of anti-Gal({alpha}1–3)Gal and anti-Forssman IgMs. It was concluded that anti-Gal(ß1–4)Gal are natural antibodies, not previously identified in man. They can be considered as xenoantibodies directed at species which express Gal(ß1–4)Gal-terminated carbohydrate chains.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed at: INSERM U.437, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 30 Boulevard Jean-Monnet, F-44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France


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