Glycobiology, Vol 9, 343-352, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
AJ Petrescu, SM Petrescu, RA Dwek and MR Wormald
We have generated a database of 639 glycosidic linkage structures by an
exhaustive survey of the available crystallographic data for isolated
oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycan-binding proteins. For isolated
oligosaccharides there is relatively little crystallographic data
available. A much larger number of glycoprotein and glycan-binding protein
structures have now been solved in which two or more linked monosaccharides
can be resolved. In the majority of these cases, only a few residues can be
seen. Using the 639 glycosidic linkage structures, we have identified one
or more distinct conformers for all the linkages. The O5-C1-O-C(x)' torsion
angles for all these distinct conformers appear to be determined chiefly by
the exo-anomeric effect. The Manalpha1-6Man linkage appears to be less
restrained than the others, showing a wide degree of dispersion outside the
ranges of the defined conformers. The identification of distinct conformers
for glyco- sidic linkages allows "average" glycan structures to be modeled
and also allows the easy identification of distorted glycosidic linkages.
Such an analysis shows that the interactions between IgG Fc and its own
N-linked glycan result in severe distortion of the terminal Galbeta1-
4GlcNAc linkage only, indicating the strong interactions that must be
present between the Gal residue and the protein surface. The applicability
of this crystallographic based analysis to glycan structures in solution is
discussed. This database of linkagestructures should be a very useful
reference tool in three-dimensional structure determinations.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
A statistical analysis of N- and O-glycan linkage conformations from crystallographic data
Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry,University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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