Glycobiology, Vol 8, 1227-1235, Copyright © 1998 by Society for Glycobiology
G Normand, D Hicks and H Dreyfus
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are known to participate in central nervous system
processes such as development, cell migration, and neurite outgrowth, but
little is known with respect to their regulation through soluble
neurotrophic factors. In the present study, we have addressed this issue
using cell culture models of three distinct cell populations derived from
young rat retinas, namely, purified M uller glia, pigmented epithelium, and
neurons respectively. Cultures were maintained in chemically defined media
in the presence or absence of either basic fibroblast or epidermal growth
factor. In control glial and epithelial cultures, hyaluronic acid dominated
the soluble GAG pool, with lesser contributions from dermatan sulfate,
chondroitin sulfate, and heparan sulfate (in decreasing order). Retinal
neuronal GAG were almost exclusively chondroitin sulfate (approximately
90%). Treatment of glial and epithelial cultures with either factor led to
dose-dependent increases in especially hyaluronic acid synthesis (a maximum
6-fold increase relative to control levels), with smaller but consistent
changes in chondroitin sulfate. Similar treatment of retinal neurons did
not lead to any changes in GAG synthesis. These data indicate that glia and
pigment epithelia are the principal sources of GAG components in retina at
least in vitro, and that endogenous neurotrophic growth factors can greatly
modify GAG synthesis in these two retinal cell populations. Such data
suggest that a delicate balance may exist between growth factor
availability and glycoconjugate metabolism in vivo, participating in normal
or pathological states of the retina.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Neurotrophic growth factors stimulate glycosaminoglycan synthesis in identified retinal cell populations in vitro
Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Retinienne, Clinique Ophtalmologique, CHRU, 1 Place de l'Hopital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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