Glycobiology Advance Access originally published online on May 22, 2006
Glycobiology 2006 16(9):833-843; doi:10.1093/glycob/cwl004
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GlycoPEGylation of recombinant therapeutic proteins produced in Escherichia coli
3 Neose Technologies, Inc., 102 Witmer Road Drive, Horsham, PA 19044; 4 Neose Technologies, Inc., 6330 Nancy Ridge Road, Suites 102103, San Diego, CA 92121; and 5 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Glycobiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail: dzopf{at}neose.com
2 Present address: Noordwijkerhout 2211 AR, Schaepmanlaan 19, The Netherlands
Received on February 8, 2006; revised on May 11, 2006; accepted on May 13, 2006
Covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol, PEGylation, has been shown to prolong the half-life and enhance the pharmacodynamics of therapeutic proteins. Current methods for PEGylation, which rely on chemical conjugation through reactive groups on amino acids, often generate isoforms in which PEG is attached at sites that interfere with bioactivity. Here, we present a novel strategy for site-directed PEGylation using glycosyltransferases to attach PEG to O-glycans. The process involves enzymatic GalNAc glycosylation at specific serine and threonine residues in proteins expressed without glycosylation in Escherichia coli, followed by enzymatic transfer of sialic acid conjugated with PEG to the introduced GalNAc residues. The strategy was applied to three therapeutic polypeptides, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon-alpha2b (IFN-
2b), and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are currently in clinical use.
Key words:
G-CSF
/
glycosylation
/
GM-CSF
/
IFN-
2b
/
PEGylation
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