Glycobiology Advance Access originally published online on December 15, 2004
Glycobiology 2005 15(5):519-527; doi:10.1093/glycob/cwi026
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Glycobiology vol. 15 no. 5 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved.
Galectin-3 and soluble fibrinogen act in concert to modulate neutrophil activation and survival: involvement of alternative MAPK pathways
3 División Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 4 División Inmunogenética, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín," Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
2 To whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail: mspalermo{at}hematologia.anm.edu.ar
Received on October 15, 2004; revised on December 7, 2004; accepted on December 9, 2004
Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a member of a family of highly conserved carbohydrate-binding proteins, has recently emerged as a novel cellular modulator at inflammatory foci. Here we investigated the effects of Gal-3 on central effector functions of human neutrophils, including phagocytosis, exocytosis of secretory granules, and survival. We examined the effects of Gal-3 alone or in combination with soluble fibrinogen (sFbg), an extracellular mediator that plays a key role during the early phase of the inflammatory response through binding to integrin receptors. In addition we evaluated the intracellular signals triggered by these mediators in human neutrophils. Human neutrophils incubated with recombinant Gal-3 alone increased their phagocytic activity and CD66 surface expression. In contrast to the known antiapoptotic effect of Gal-3 on many cellular types, Gal-3 enhanced PMN apoptotic rate. Preincubation with Gal-3 primed neutrophils to the effects of sFbg, resulting in a synergistic action on degranulation. On the other hand, Gal-3 and sFbg had opposite effects on PMN survival, and the simultaneous action of both agonists partially counteracted the proapoptotic effects of Gal-3. In addition, although sFbg induced its effects through the activation of the ERKs, Gal-3 led to p38 phosphorylation. Disruption of this signaling pathway abrogated Gal-3-mediated modulation of neutrophil degranulation, phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Together, our results support the notion that Gal-3 and sFbg are two physiological mediators present at inflammatory sites that activate different components of the MAPK pathway and could be acting in concert to modulate the functionality and life span of neutrophils.
Key words: apoptosis / galectins / inflammation / MAPK pathway / neutrophil activation
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