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Glycobiology Advance Access originally published online on June 2, 2005
Glycobiology 2005 15(10):905-911; doi:10.1093/glycob/cwi085
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Glycobiology vol. 15 no. 10 © Oxford University Press 2005; all rights reserved.

Endoplasmic reticulum retention of the large splice variant of the UDP-galactose transporter is caused by a dilysine motif

Roland Kabuß, Angel Ashikov, Stefan Oelmann, Rita Gerardy-Schahn1 and Hans Bakker

Zelluläre Chemie, Zentrum Biochemie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Street 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed; e-mail: gerardy-schahn.rita{at}mh-hannover.de

Received on November 12, 2004; revised on May 20, 2005; accepted on May 23, 2005

Nucleotide-sugar transporters supply mainly the Golgi glycosyltransferases with substrates. Some glycosyltransferases in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), however, also use activated sugars. Recent studies have demonstrated that UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal) is the substrate for the ER resident ceramide-galactosyltransferase (cer-GalT) and cells expressing cer-GalT are able to retain the UDP-Gal transporter (UGT) by physical contacts formed between the two proteins. Here, we describe a second active mechanism for ER localization of the UGT. The UGT is produced in two splice forms UGT1 and UGT2. The proteins vary only at their extreme C-termini but show strikingly different intracellular distribution. Although N-terminally epitope tagged forms of UGT1 localize exclusively to the Golgi, similar constructs of UGT2 show both ER and Golgi localization. The dilysine motif KVKGS contained in UGT2 can be demonstrated to be responsible for the dual localization because: (1) disturbance of the signal via site specific mutation or C-terminal extension completely shifts the transporter to the Golgi, (2) transfer of the dilysine motif is sufficient to redistribute the Golgi CMP-sialic acid transporter to the ER, and (3) replacement of KVKGS by the strong ER retention signal KKNT is sufficient to completely retain UGT2 in the ER.

Key words: dilysine / ER retention / Golgi / nucleotide sugar transporter / UDP-galactose transporter


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