Glycobiology, 2000, Vol. 10, No. 2 223-229
© 2000 Oxford University Press
Structural characterization of the N-glycans of Dictyocaulus viviparus: discovery of the Lewisx structure in a nematode
Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AY, UK and 2Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
This paper reports the first rigorous evidence for the existence of N-linked oligosaccharides in Dictyocaulus viviparus, an economically important nematode that parasitises cattle. Structural strategies based upon fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry were employed to examine detergent extracts of homogenised adult D.viviparus for their N-glycan content. These revealed that detergent-soluble material is rich in high mannose, truncated and complex-type families of N-linked oligosaccharides. Importantly, the most abundant antennae in the complex-type structures were shown to carry the Lewisx epitope (Galß1-4(Fuc
1-3)GlcNAc). Although the Lewisx moiety occurs in other helminths such as schistosomes, nematodes have previously been thought to lack this epitope. The Lewisx epitopes in D.viviparus are carried on bi-, tri-, and tetraantennary glycans and are therefore candidates for recognition events requiring multivalent ligands. There is compelling evidence from schistosome research that glycoconjugates containing Lewisx structures are immunomodulators. We propose that the Lewisx-rich glycans identified in this study might similarly be involved in D.viviparus host interactions.
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed
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